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දැන් ඉන්නේ තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණ යුගයක කියල කිව්වට අපි ඇතැම් විට මිට වඩා දියුණු යුග
පසු කර ඇවිත් ඇති. මේ එවැන්නකට කදිම සාධකයක්.
මේ පරිගණකයට කියන්නේ Antikythera mechanism හෙවත්
“ඇන්ටිකිතරා
යන්ත්‍රය”
කියල.
මෙය සම්පුර්ණයෙන්ම යාන්ත්‍රිකව ක්‍රියාත්මක වන පරිගණකයක්. මෙය නිර්මාණය කර
තිබෙන්නේ ක්‍රි.පූ 100
හෝ 150
වැනි කාල වලදී,
ඒ
කියන්නේ අදින් වසර 2100ක්
පමණ ඈතදී. ග්‍රීක විද්‍යාඥයින් පිරිසක් විසින් නිර්මාණය සැලකෙන මේ යන්ත්‍රය
යොදාගෙන තියෙන්නේ තාරකා පිහිටීම සහ චන්ද්‍රග්‍රහණ ආදිය පිළිබඳව දැන ගැනීමට බවයි
කියවෙන්නේ.
මෙම පරිගණකයේ කොටස් මුලින්ම සොයාගෙන තියෙන්නේ වසර 1900 දී ග්‍රීසියේ Antikythera දිවයින ආසන්නයේදී. මුහුදු පතුලේ තිබී හමුවී ඇති මෙය ඉතිහාසය පිළිබඳ අලුත් පිටුවක් පෙරලන්න සමත් වෙලා තියෙනවා.
මෙම පරිගණකයේ කොටස් මුලින්ම සොයාගෙන තියෙන්නේ වසර 1900 දී ග්‍රීසියේ Antikythera දිවයින ආසන්නයේදී. මුහුදු පතුලේ තිබී හමුවී ඇති මෙය ඉතිහාසය පිළිබඳ අලුත් පිටුවක් පෙරලන්න සමත් වෙලා තියෙනවා.
මේ ඡායාරුපයේ තියෙන්නේ එම යාන්ත්‍රික
පරිගණකයේ භාවිතා කල ගියර් විල් එකක්. මෙය මිලිමීටර් 140ක
පමණ විශ්කම්භයකින් යුතු වන අතර ගියර් දත් (gear teeth) 223කින් සමන්විතයි. මෙවැනි
ඒවා 30ක්
පමණ එහිදී සොයා ගෙන ඇති අතර තවත් ඒවා තිබෙන්නට ඇති බව සැක කෙරෙනවා. ක්‍රි.පූ 100
දී පමණ ගියර් වීල් එකක් නිර්මාණය කර තිබුනා කියන කාරණය තුලම එවක දියුණු තාක්‍ෂණයක්
තිබුණු බව තහවුරු වෙනවා. කොහොම වුනත් පසුකාලීනව එම තාක්ෂණය ගිලිහි ගොසින් නැවත 14
වන සියවස වැනි කාලවලදී තමයි එම තාක්ෂණය යලිත් ඉස්මතු වන්න පටන් ගෙන තියෙන්නේ.
මෙම
ඇන්ටිකිතරා යන්ත්‍රය සොයා ගැනීමෙන් (1900 දී පමණ), තවත්
ශතවර්ෂයකට පමණ පසුව වත්මන් විද්‍යාඥයින් පිරිසක් විසින් මෙම යන්ත්‍රයේ ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය
ප්‍රති නිර්මාණය කිරීමට සමත් වී තිබෙනවා.
මෙම ඇන්ටිකිතරා යන්ත්‍රය සොයා ගැනීමෙන් (1900 දී පමණ), තවත් ශතවර්ෂයකට පමණ පසුව වත්මන් විද්‍යාඥයින්
පිරිසක් විසින් මෙම යන්ත්‍රයේ ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය ප්‍රති නිර්මාණය කිරීමට සමත් වී
තිබෙනවා.
මෙම ඇන්ටිකිතරා යන්ත්‍රය වගේම අපේ රටේ තිබුණ අති විශිෂ්ඨ
වාරි සහ ගෘහ නිර්මාණ තාක්ෂණය වගේම යෝධ පිරමිඩ යන මේ කරුණු සියල්ල එකට යාකොට බලන
විට විද්‍යාමාන වන එක් ප්‍රධාන කරුණක් ඇත. එනම් ඓතිහාසික මානව වර්ගයා සතුව ඉතා
දියුණු තාක්‍ෂණයක් පවතී බවයි. කෙසේ වෙතත් අපගේ වර්තමාන දැනුම මත පදනම් වූ
දෘෂ්ඨිකෝණයකින් බලා මෙම තාක්‍ෂණයේ රහස් හෙළි කර ගත හැකිද යන්න බරපතල ගැටලුවකි.
උපුටා ගැනීම
- විදු ලොවින්
සකස්කළේ :
අනුර දික්වැල්ල
විද්‍යා හා තාක්ෂණ නිලධාරි
ගොනපිනුවල .
සකස්කළේ :
අනුර දික්වැල්ල
විද්‍යා හා තාක්ෂණ නිලධාරි
ගොනපිනුවල .
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